Process of treating surfaces for waterproofing or preservative purposes.



No. 747,935. y PATBNTBD DE0..29,1903.

E. M. GAPIALL. j a PROCESS 0F. TRBATING sURIAcEs FOR WATERPROOFING 0R PRESERVATIV'E PURPOSES.

APPLICATION FILED ma. 2a. 190s. 2 SHBETSHEBTL @MMIII f N0 MODEL.-

BY W ATTO EY w/TNESSES.-

No. 747,995. lPATENTEDm99. 29, 199s.

, E. M. GAPFALL. f PROCESS 0F TRBATING SURFACES P09 WATERPROOFING 99 PRESERVATIVE PURPOSES.

TI N I' L 28 1903; MPL10@ o I ED MAR 'zsHBETs-SHEET 2.

l0 MODEL.

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a .a m W d Vw Du A77' NEY ,y No. 747,935.

UNITED` STATES Patented December 29, 1903. Y i

PATENT OFFICE.

PROCESS 0F TRATING SURFACES FOR WATERP'ROOFING ORl PRESERVATIVE PURPOSES.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 747,935, dated December 29, 1903. p

Application filed March 248. 1903. Serial No. 149,937- (No specimens.)l

To a/ZZ whom it may concern/.- y i Beit known that I, EDWARD M. GAFFAL-L, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Sparkill, Rockland county, New York, have invented a new and useful Process of Treat- Ving Surfaces for Waterproofing or 4Preservative Purposes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification. n

The principal objects of my invention are to treat Surfaces of brick, stone, plaster, metal, wood, and other materials so as to insure a thorough and effective waterproofing or preservation or protection thereof without damage to them and with little expense and without the necessity of employing skilled labor. Subordinate objects are to dispense with the use of flames for contacting With the surfaces to be treated and to insure a practically uniform treatment of all parts of the surfaces, so that they will present a uniform color or appearance and the applied material made to penetrate to about the same extent. To accomplish ythese objects and to secure other and further advantages, my invention involves a new and useful process and particular steps inthe process, as will be herein first fully explained and then pointed vout in the claims.

The process is independent of any special form or construction of apparatus; but for convenience of explanation I have represented in the accompanying drawings an apparatus by which the process may be practiced.

Figure l is an elevation, and Fig. 2 a ver.- tical section,.of a convenient form of hood or oven with necessary appliances or adjuncts and which may be employed in practicing my invention. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of a form yof heater wherein the air which passes through it for use is kept free from contact with the fire, and Fig. 4 is a similar View of a heater for the air wherein the air is passed through the fire or coals.

Similar reference-letters for similar parts are employed in all the figures.

For preserving brick and other walls, for instance, the application of la direct Haine has been common to first bring a section of the surface to the desired temperaturefthen hot paraffin or asphaltuln has been applied to the section previously heated, aud the flame againvdirected against the section. The madifflcultyis experienced in avoiding fire or explosion, which on scaffolds, staging, and the like is very dangerous. The flame, moreover, heats only a very small section and that not uniformly, causes the stone., dac., to chip or crack', destroys the uniform color of thel finished work, and fails to secure a uniform penetration of the applied substance.

According to my invention I keep the fire well removed from the surface or Wall and heat the latter by application of hot air, then apply the heated substance by which the treatment is to be effected, and again heat the particular section by hot air. The air is under more or less pressure, according to' circumstances. I force vthis by suitable mechanical.

means into a sealed chamber or stove containing charcoal, coke, orother preferred fuell under combustion, and then conduct the heated compressed airthrough suitable channels to an'oven with an open face'. This faceis placed against the surface to be treated and the hot blast allowed to escape into the oven. The hot air forces its way into the pores of the surface to be treated and also into'any flaws or cracks which may exist in the same and drives'out and carries away all moisture. As soon as sufficient air has played upon the surface the treating material is proj ected or sprayed over the heated section from a suitable reservoir, and when the section is properly saturated the supply of treating ma- -terial is cut o and the hot air again applied until the material has become absorbed by the surface. Then the apparatus is moved to the next section, and so on.

In the drawings, A represents any surface to be treated. l

B is a suitable oven which may be lined, as at b, with asbestos or any suitable nonconducting substance, and it has by preference a flexible edge, as a, by which it can be held tight against the surface C is a suitable metallic tank for containterialapplied is h-ighlyinflammable,and much ssv ing the material by which the treatmentis to IOO introduced tothe interior of the oven, this pipe leading from the air-heating apparatus, which is located at a considerable distance from the oven, the pipe being made iiexible or jointed, as occasion may require.

d is the stem of the valve in pipe D, by which the iiow of air to the oven may be interrupted or regulated.

E is a pipe leading from the pipe D to the upper part of the tank C, and in this pipe E is a valve, as at e. When this valve eis open, the air-pressure tends to drive the material from the tank C.

F is a pipe leading from the bottom of the tank C, and in' this is a valve f. On the inner end of this pipe is any suitable form of spraying-nozzle, (represented at G.)

When the valve f is open and the air-pressure allowed to enterthe top of tank C, the material will be forced down through pipe F and sprayed by nozzle G against the previously-heated surface. Then the airis again admitted to the oven D and further beats the material on the surface and forces it into the pores thereof.

For heating the air I employ any suitable furnace or stove. When it is desirable or necessary to keep the air pure and clean and avoid the presence of carbonic acid, I prefer to pass it through a pipe, as H, Fig. 3, this being located within the stove wherein the ire is maintained. In other cases the air for use in the process may be heated by an apparatus substantially as represented at Fig. 4, wherein I represents a grate, and K a tube to admit the air under pressure. The air then passes up through the grate I and through the coals thereon and passes out through a suitable outlet, as at L. As the stoves are intended to heat air under more or less pressure, they should be substantially tight and Well made.4

The process may be practiced by use of the illustrated apparatus or by any other suitable for the purpose. It has not been deemed necessary to represent any means for compressing the air. The compression may be accomplished by a fan-blower or a pump of any suitable form.

Some of the principal surfaces to be treated are those of brick and stone walls, interior walls, and ceilings, as Well as floors, monuments, Statuary, pavements, and so on.

This new method of treatment will be found to answer all the purposes or objects of the invention previously set forth.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new therein, and desire to secure 4by Letters Patent, is-

1. The herein-described process of treating 'surfaces for waterproofing and preservative purposes, the same consisting in heating the surface to be treated by application thereto of heated compressed air, then spraying upon the surface thus heated the treating material whileitisin aheated condition, and then heatingthe treated surface by application thereto of heated compressed air, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a process of treating surfaces, the application thereto of heated air coniincd under pressure in contact with the surface to be treated, subsequently spraying the heated material upon the surface thus heated, and then reheating the treated surface by air confined against it and under pressure, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a process for treating surfaces, first heating the com pressed air out of contact with the fuel, confining this air under pressure against this section to be treated, spraying the section with the treating material which has been heated by the compressed air, and then subjecting the treated surface again to the action 0f' the heated air con fined against it under pressure, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWARD M. CAFFALL.

Witnesses:

' C. SEDGWICK,

WORTH Oscoop. 

